Dialysis catheters are used for facilitating dialysis for patients whose kidneys are unable to properly filter water and waste. Most patients treated with dialysis have been diagnosed with end-stage renal disease (ESRD); however, patients suffering from acute kidney failure can also receive dialysis. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a test used to assess kidney function. In turn, patients with chronically low GFRs are diagnosed with chronic kidney disease (CKD). When the GFR drops below the threshold, which is when kidney activity is less than 10% of normal levels, patients are considered to have progressed to Stage 5 CKD or ESRD. Patients with ESRD require a kidney transplant or dialysis. However, many ESRD patients are not suitable candidates for kidney transplants. In addition, there is a shortage of available organs; in the United States, only 20% of patients on waiting lists for kidney transplants will receive a kidney within the first year. Owing to advancement in dialysis technologies, patients receiving dialysis can survive for decades, barring other health problems. Despite this, patients on dialysis have a high mortality rate due to old age and multiple health conditions.