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Register to receive a free Scientists have developed a novel technique that prevents coronary artery obstruction during transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), a rare but often fatal complication. The method, called Bioprosthetic Aortic Scallop Intentional Laceration to prevent Iatrogenic Coronary Artery obstruction (BASILICA), will increase treatment options for high-risk patients who need heart valve procedures. The findings by researchers at the National Institutes of Health was published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology: Cardiovascular Interventions on April 2.
TAVR, a procedure used to treat aortic valve stenosis, involves threading a long, thin, flexible tube, called a catheter, through the femoral artery in the leg to the heart. Aortic valve stenosis is a fatal narrowing of the valve controlling blood leaving the heart to the rest of the body. This narrowing reduces blood flow to vital organs, resulting in shortness of breath, chest pain, blackouts, and heart failure.
For elderly or frail patients, TAVR offers an effective and less invasive alternative to open heart surgery. However, a small subset of these patients may develop coronary artery obstruction during the TAVR procedure. For more than half the patients who experience coronary artery obstruction during the TAVR, this complication has been fatal.
Bioprosthetic Aortic Scallop Intentional Laceration (BASILICA) was developed by Jaffar M. Khan, M.D., at the National, Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), part of NIH, to increase the safety of TAVR for this subset of patients.
“[Bioprosthetic Aortic Scallop Intentional Laceration] patients are either not eligible for conventional TAVR, or they are at high risk for it,” said Robert J. Lederman, M.D., the senior investigator in NHLBI’s Division of Intramural Research who led the study with Khan.
Lederman explained that during TAVR, the surgeon places a catheter inside the heart and uses a balloon to open a new valve inside the aortic valve. However, in some patients whose hearts have uncommon structures, such as unusually large valve leaflets or small aortic roots, the large leaflets block the flow of blood to the coronary arteries as the new valve’s scaffolding opens.
“There is no good treatment or prevention strategy for TAVR-induced coronary obstruction,” said Lederman. “The previous technique of using a stent to open the coronary artery appears to have poor long-term outcomes.”
Bioprosthetic Aortic Scallop Intentional Laceration (BASILICA) offers a solution to the problem of coronary obstruction during TAVR. The interventional cardiologist weaves an electrified wire the size of a sewing thread through a catheter and uses it to split the original leaflet in two so that it cannot block the coronary artery once it has been pushed aside by the transcatheter heart valve.
In the current study, the researchers report the success of the BASILICA procedure in seven gravely ill patients who qualified for compassionate use of the technique — then untested in humans — because no other care options were available.
“All patients had a successful TAVR with no coronary obstruction, stroke or any major complication,” said Lederman. “They were doing well as they reached the 30-day-mark after the procedure.”
The Bioprosthetic Aortic Scallop Intentional Laceration (BASILICA) technique will be evaluated in a multicenter early feasibility study, sponsored by NHLBI, which began enrolling patients in January.
The researchers hope the technique will eventually help reduce the number of deaths from heart valve disease. Every year, approximately 5 million people in the United States are diagnosed with heart valve disease, and more than 20,000 die, according to the American Heart Association.
For Further Information
More on the cardiac surgery and heart valve devices market in the US can be found in a series of reports published by iData entitled the US Market Report Suite for Cardiac Surgery and Heart Valve Devices. This report covers the following market segments: tissue heart valves, mechanical heart valves, annuloplasty repair devices, transcatheter mitral valve repair (TMVR) devices, transcatheter heart valve replacement (THVR) devices, on-pump coronary artery bypass (ONCAB) devices, off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) devices, endoscopic vessel harvesting (EVH) devices, anastomosis assist devices (AADs), transmyocardial revascularization (TMR) devices, ventricular assist devices (VADs), intra-aortic balloon pumps, temporary artificial heart replacement devices, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), remote hemodynamic monitoring, patent foramen ovale (PFO), atrial septal defect (ASD) devices, ventricular septal defect (VSD) devices and left atrial appendage (LAA) devices.
Reports provide a comprehensive analysis including units sold, procedure numbers, market value, forecasts, as well as detailed competitive market shares and analysis of major players’ success strategies in each market and segment. To find out more about cardiac surgery market data or procedure data, register online or email us at info@idataresearch.net for a US Market Report Suite for Cardiac Surgery and Heart Valve Devices brochure and synopsis.
